“The rational utilitarian view is that we should trust the machines versus us as long as they’re even the slightest bit better.” _ Gill Pratt, CEO of the Toyota Research Institute
Anuj Pradhan, a research scientist at the University of Michigan’s Transportation Research Institute, was riding in a Navya Arma, a French-made driverless bus, in Mcity, the institute’s test facility, when the vehicle made a small series of juddering braking maneuvers. Out of the corner of his eye, Pradhan had seen “a tiny bird, a sparrow,” fly in front of the vehicle, and its motion was picked up by the vehicle’s lidar sensors. If he had not seen the bird, Pradhan says, he might have been tempted to yank the emergency shutoff—or what the researchers call the “Oh shit! bar.” A driver might have explained the reason for the incident, but the machine simply resumed. “This is where the human-machine interface becomes critical,” he says. “You want to be able to inform the passenger or operator what the state of the system is.” Automation researchers have noted that where human relationships tend to build toward trust, our trust in machines begins high and then erodes with errors. We are more likely to give people second chances than machines.
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